odbc jdbc

[stmfc]

"The designers of ODBC aimed to make it independent of programming languages, database systems, and operating systems."
(http://en.wikipedia.or g/wiki/ODBC)

1- Does it mean that all (or most) programming languages can connect to a database directly using ODBC?
or should there be a converter between programming language and the ODBC?
for example how can we connect to oracle or mysql with an application
written by C++ or Perl ?

2- What is the situation for java? if ODBC is independent of programming language as mentioned above why it needs a JDBC or JDBC-ODBC bridge?

[heat84]

JDBC simply means java database connectivity . It simply maens that you use ODBC for java database connectivity .thats all

[stmfc]

JDBC simply means java database connectivity . It simply maens that you use ODBC for java database connectivity .thats all

i am still unclear with the answers of the questions in the 1st post.
and this last explanation introduced a new question:
if JDBC use ODBC, then what is the difference between JDBC and JDBC-ODBC bridge?

[heat84]

When you connect to a database using a java application which ever type of database , you use jdbc . However, there are basically two types of jdbc - the one which uses ODBC and the one that does not use ODBC . When you use ODBC when connecting to a database using java , then its known as jdbc-odbc and you have to load a jdbc-odbc driver.