execute a function before and after any method of a parent class

[TP]

Hi everybody,

I would like to be able to specialize an existing class A, so as to obtain a
class B(A), with all methods of B being the methods of A preceded by a
special method of B called _before_any_met hod_of_A( self ), and followed by
a special method of B called _after_any_meth od_of_A( self ).

The goal is to avoid to redefine explicitly in B all methods of A.

Is this possible in Python?

Thanks a lot

Julien

--
python -c "print ''.join([chr(154 - ord(c)) for c in '*9(9&(18%.9&1+ ,\'Z
(55l4('])"

"When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is
possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states that something is
impossible, he is very probably wrong." (first law of AC Clarke)

[Aaron \Castironpi\ Brady]

Re: execute a function before and after any method of a parent class

On Oct 3, 9:03 am, TP <Tribulati...@P aralleles.inval idwrote:

Hi everybody,
>
I would like to be able to specialize an existing class A, so as to obtain a
class B(A), with all methods of B being the methods of A preceded by a
special method of B called _before_any_met hod_of_A( self ), and followed by
a special method of B called _after_any_meth od_of_A( self ).
>
The goal is to avoid to redefine explicitly in B all methods of A.
>
Is this possible in Python?
>
Thanks a lot
>
Julien
>
--
python -c "print ''.join([chr(154 - ord(c)) for c in '*9(9&(18%.9&1+ ,\'Z
(55l4('])"
>
"When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is
possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states that something is
impossible, he is very probably wrong." (first law of AC Clarke)

Yes it's possible. The exact solution depends on how much control you
want, and over what. Do you want inheritance or delegation? Do you
want the same pre and post method for all inherited methods? Will you
always use single-inheritance? Would you mind using a list of names,
as a sort of midpoint between complete redefinition and completely
dynamic? Do you want class lookups to succeed? If so, what do you
want them to do?

Generally, you could build the class dynamically with a metaclass, or
use __getattr__ a lookup.

[Gabriel Genellina]

Re: execute a function before and after any method of a parent class

En Fri, 03 Oct 2008 11:03:22 -0300, TP <Tribulations@p aralleles.inval id>
escribió:

I would like to be able to specialize an existing class A, so as to
obtain a
class B(A), with all methods of B being the methods of A preceded by a
special method of B called _before_any_met hod_of_A( self ), and followed
by
a special method of B called _after_any_meth od_of_A( self ).
>
The goal is to avoid to redefine explicitly in B all methods of A.
>
Is this possible in Python?

Sure. After reading this (excelent!) article by M. Simionato
http://www.phyast.pitt.edu/~micheles...mentation.html you should
be able to write a decorator to make any method into a "sandwich"
(probably based on his "trace" example). Your code would look like this:

@decorator
def sandwich(f, self, *args, **kw):
self.before()
f(self, *args, **kw)
self.after()

class A:
@sandwich
def foo(self):
...

@sandwich
def bar(self, x):
...

Ok, but then you have to explicitely decorate every method. To avoid this,
you may use a metaclass; this article by Michael Foord explains how:

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles/metaclasses.shtml#a-method-decorating-metaclass

That's all!

--
Gabriel Genellina

[Terry Reedy]

Re: execute a function before and after any method of a parent class

Gabriel Genellina wrote:

En Fri, 03 Oct 2008 11:03:22 -0300, TP <Tribulations@p aralleles.inval id>
escribió:
>

>I would like to be able to specialize an existing class A, so as to
>obtain a
>class B(A), with all methods of B being the methods of A preceded by a
>special method of B called _before_any_met hod_of_A( self ), and
>followed by
>a special method of B called _after_any_meth od_of_A( self ).
>>
>The goal is to avoid to redefine explicitly in B all methods of A.
>>
>Is this possible in Python?

>
Sure. After reading this (excelent!) article by M. Simionato
http://www.phyast.pitt.edu/~micheles...mentation.html you
should be able to write a decorator to make any method into a "sandwich"
(probably based on his "trace" example). Your code would look like this:
>
@decorator
def sandwich(f, self, *args, **kw):
self.before()
f(self, *args, **kw)
self.after()
>
class A:
@sandwich
def foo(self):
...
>
@sandwich
def bar(self, x):
...
>
Ok, but then you have to explicitely decorate every method. To avoid
this, you may use a metaclass; this article by Michael Foord explains how:
http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/a...ting-metaclass

I believe this would work (untested, 3.0):

class A(): # define methods

class B(): pass
func = type(lambda:Non e)
for item in A.__dict__:
if isinstance(item , func):
setattr(B, item.__name__, sandwich(item))

tjr

[Steven D'Aprano]

Re: execute a function before and after any method of a parentclass

On Fri, 03 Oct 2008 16:03:22 +0200, TP wrote:

Hi everybody,
>
I would like to be able to specialize an existing class A, so as to
obtain a class B(A), with all methods of B being the methods of A
preceded by a special method of B called _before_any_met hod_of_A( self
), and followed by a special method of B called _after_any_meth od_of_A(
self ).
>
The goal is to avoid to redefine explicitly in B all methods of A.
>
Is this possible in Python?

You may be able to adapt this code to do what you are after:

http://code.activestate.com/recipes/91192/

--
Steven