wxPython Licence vs GPL

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  • Ed Jensen

    #46
    Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

    Paul Boddie <paul@boddie.or g.uk> wrote:[color=blue][color=green]
    >> I'm aware of this concern. I don't think it's justified. Unless
    >> you'd like to point out all those closed, proprietary Python
    >> implementations that are destroying civilization as we know it.[/color][/color]
    [color=blue]
    > Well, there was some concern voiced at EuroPython that a certain large
    > software-patent-lobbying organisation wouldn't release the shiny port
    > of Python that they'd done for their mobile telephone products. Now,
    > one can either emulate that well-practised foot-stamping routine of
    > yours...[/color]

    Has this seriously harmed the Python community? Or CPython? Has it
    caused evolution of Python/CPython to stall? Did it have the
    unfortunate consequence of causing any CPython code to become closed
    source or proprietary?

    Show me the harm done.
    [color=blue]
    > In another recent licensing spat, some people are apparently unhappy
    > with one Python-related project's use of the GPL, since the code they
    > originally contributed to an older, related project ends up being
    > redistributed under the GPL in the former project whereas the latter
    > project cannot redistribute the former project's original code without
    > putting a GPL licence on the distributed work. Now, if the latter
    > project, with its advantage of having come into existence first had
    > chosen a GPL-incompatible licence, it's quite possible that they would
    > have avoided the situation that some seem to bemoan, but then one has
    > to consider the likelihood that people actually do want GPL
    > compatibility in their favourite open source projects.[/color]

    I agree that mixing and matching licenses can be a problem, which is
    yet another reason I lament the proliferation of source code licenses.

    It's like a whole generation of software developers have become
    armchair lawyers, which I find unfortunate. Think how much farther
    along free software could be if all this energy and concern weren't
    expended on source code licenses.
    [color=blue]
    > My point about the freeloading was that business understandably likes
    > to do it. I don't feel any sympathy for participants in various Apache
    > projects that are hugely popular in business, for example, if those
    > participants dislike the lack of contributions from those companies
    > using their software to make money, because those who founded those
    > projects made a conscious licensing decision and that decision defines
    > the kind of sharing (or otherwise) around such projects.[/color]

    I don't feel sorry for them either, and I don't think they feel sorry
    for themselves. And the success of projects like Apache are even more
    proof, in my opinion, that heavy handed licenses like the GPL aren't
    necessary for the success of free software projects.
    [color=blue]
    > So if you're not personally affected, as you claim, why does it bother
    > you?[/color]

    Because I think a lot of well meaning software developers writing free
    software don't performance due diligence to determine the true
    motivation behind, and the chilling effect of, the GPL.

    Comment

    • Paul Boddie

      #47
      Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

      Ed Jensen wrote:

      [On proprietary ports of Python...]
      [color=blue]
      > Show me the harm done.[/color]

      We'll have to wait and see what happens. There's a risk that versions
      of Python with different semantics or characteristics to the original
      could cause the development of parallel communities, instead of
      everyone working on/with the same project. The "harm done" is
      adequately described by paraphrasing your comment on licences: think
      how much farther along free software could be if all this energy and
      concern weren't expended on separate and sometimes proprietary code
      bases.
      [color=blue]
      > Because I think a lot of well meaning software developers writing free
      > software don't performance due diligence to determine the true
      > motivation behind, and the chilling effect of, the GPL.[/color]

      Well, despite your protestations, I think the GPL and LGPL are fairly
      easy and safe choices for a lot of developers who know enough about
      Free Software (ie. haven't just seen the name and thought "that's the
      thing for me"), know what the characteristics of those licences are,
      and who don't have the time or legal experience to "performanc e due
      diligence".

      Meanwhile, all this "hippie" and "chilling effect" talk is, I imagine,
      like having a discussion on software licensing with some cold war
      propagandist.

      Paul

      Comment

      • Ed Jensen

        #48
        Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

        Paul Boddie <paul@boddie.or g.uk> wrote:[color=blue]
        > We'll have to wait and see what happens. There's a risk that versions
        > of Python with different semantics or characteristics to the original
        > could cause the development of parallel communities, instead of
        > everyone working on/with the same project. The "harm done" is
        > adequately described by paraphrasing your comment on licences: think
        > how much farther along free software could be if all this energy and
        > concern weren't expended on separate and sometimes proprietary code
        > bases.[/color]

        I think free software/open source has existed long enough and with
        enough varied licenses (GPL, LGPL, modified LGPL (see wxWidgets), BSD,
        X11, MIT, Apache, etc.) that we'd basically know without question if
        less restritive licenses (like BSD) were causing projects to fail vs.
        projects that use very heavy handed licenses (like GPL). Apache and
        Python are two of my favorite examples, followed by the *BSD operating
        systems.
        [color=blue]
        > Well, despite your protestations, I think the GPL and LGPL are fairly
        > easy and safe choices for a lot of developers who know enough about
        > Free Software (ie. haven't just seen the name and thought "that's the
        > thing for me"), know what the characteristics of those licences are,
        > and who don't have the time or legal experience to "performanc e due
        > diligence".[/color]

        To be honest, I don't dislike the LGPL that much. The static vs.
        dynamic linking issues bother me somewhat (which is why I like the
        modified LGPL used by wxWidgets), but all in all, I can live (albeit
        uncomfortably) with LGPL. It seems much more sane. Whereas including
        one line of GPL code into your 10,000,000,000 line project can have
        disasterous consequences (which I find ridiculous), at least with LGPL
        you're only asked to share the changes you've made to that particular
        library.
        [color=blue]
        > Meanwhile, all this "hippie" and "chilling effect" talk is, I imagine,
        > like having a discussion on software licensing with some cold war
        > propagandist.[/color]

        Sorry for my initial post on this subject being flamey. I must've
        been cranky that day, and I'm glad we were able to continue the
        discussion. :)

        Comment

        • Christophe

          #49
          Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

          Ed Jensen a écrit :[color=blue][color=green]
          >>Well, despite your protestations, I think the GPL and LGPL are fairly
          >>easy and safe choices for a lot of developers who know enough about
          >>Free Software (ie. haven't just seen the name and thought "that's the
          >>thing for me"), know what the characteristics of those licences are,
          >>and who don't have the time or legal experience to "performanc e due
          >>diligence".[/color]
          >
          >
          > To be honest, I don't dislike the LGPL that much. The static vs.
          > dynamic linking issues bother me somewhat (which is why I like the
          > modified LGPL used by wxWidgets), but all in all, I can live (albeit
          > uncomfortably) with LGPL. It seems much more sane. Whereas including
          > one line of GPL code into your 10,000,000,000 line project can have
          > disasterous consequences (which I find ridiculous), at least with LGPL
          > you're only asked to share the changes you've made to that particular
          > library.[/color]

          If you don't like the GPL, then by all means, *do not use GPL code !*

          Please, I mean, when you use without authorisation some code in your
          project, you are in trouble, no matter what licence the code was using.

          Comment

          • Mike Meyer

            #50
            Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

            "Paul Boddie" <paul@boddie.or g.uk> writes:[color=blue]
            > Ed Jensen wrote:
            > [On proprietary ports of Python...][color=green]
            >> Show me the harm done.[/color]
            > We'll have to wait and see what happens. There's a risk that versions
            > of Python with different semantics or characteristics to the original
            > could cause the development of parallel communities, instead of
            > everyone working on/with the same project.[/color]

            How are the proprietary forks any worse/more dangerous than the
            open implementations of Python when it comes to such things? In other
            words, what does the GPL do that prevents this forking?

            <mike
            --
            Mike Meyer <mwm@mired.or g> http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/
            Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more information.

            Comment

            • Paul Rubin

              #51
              Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

              Ed Jensen <ejensen@visi.c om> writes:[color=blue]
              > I think free software/open source has existed long enough and with
              > enough varied licenses (GPL, LGPL, modified LGPL (see wxWidgets), BSD,
              > X11, MIT, Apache, etc.) that we'd basically know without question if
              > less restritive licenses (like BSD) were causing projects to fail vs.
              > projects that use very heavy handed licenses (like GPL). Apache and
              > Python are two of my favorite examples, followed by the *BSD operating
              > systems.[/color]

              Python and *BSD are getting far less volunteer development love than,
              say, GCC or Linux, and the licensing is at least part of the reason.
              Also, numerous GCC ports done by hardware companies (for their CPU's)
              have been released under the GPL that would definitely have been
              proprietary if it had been permitted. That is not speculation, it is
              known from discussions with those hardware companies at the time. G++
              (the original C++ front end for GCC) also would have been proprietary.

              Comment

              • Steven D'Aprano

                #52
                Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

                On Thu, 24 Nov 2005 17:43:22 +0100, Martin P. Hellwig wrote:
                [color=blue]
                > if I owned a company
                > making profit on software sales (sale =! support) you sign a death wish
                > for using GPL[/color]

                Apart from Microsoft, and possibly Quark (makers of Quark Express desktop
                packaging software), and perhaps a few console game developers, is there
                any company making a profit on software sales?


                --
                Steven.

                Comment

                • Steven D'Aprano

                  #53
                  Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

                  On Thu, 24 Nov 2005 16:00:29 -0500, Mike Meyer wrote:
                  [color=blue]
                  > I believe in GPL'ed software - I use it regularly. On the other hand,
                  > I don't believe that it represents the best license to release
                  > software if the goal is to improve the lot of humanity. The
                  > restrictions are on "distributi on", not on use,[/color]

                  Why would you want to restrict use?

                  Perhaps if you wrote an evil program that does evil things, and you wanted
                  to restrict who can use it. But the best way of dealing with that would be
                  just to not write the evil program in the first place, which has the
                  happy side-effect of saving you a lot of time too.

                  The GPL doesn't restrict distribution. I don't understand where people get
                  this bizarre view of the GPL from. The GPL *encourages* distribution, by
                  allowing cost-free redistribution. The only restriction the GPL has is
                  that it prevents the re-distributor from taking away rights which
                  were granted to them from the people they redistribute to.

                  If you don't like that clause, you have two very simple options: don't
                  redistribute the GPLed software. Or use some other software provided under
                  a different licence. There is no shortage of developers out there willing
                  to create new software that can be distributed under whatever licence you
                  like.

                  [color=blue]
                  > so it doesn't really
                  > keep people from using said software commercially.[/color]

                  Why would you want to stop people using your software commercially? That
                  seems like a good way of making sure your software languishes in
                  obscurity. If you did, then obviously the GPL is not the licence you
                  should be using.

                  [color=blue]
                  > For instance, one
                  > or more of your examples may have been worth developing for internal
                  > use. They then decided there was a profit to be made in distributing
                  > it commercially, and proceeded to do so because they could.[/color]

                  I don't quite follow you. Are you saying this is a bad thing or a good
                  thing? Regardless, the GPL allows the commercial redistribution of
                  software. What makes you think it doesn't?

                  Perhaps you think that "commercial program" is a synonym for "closed,
                  hidden, secret source code". If so, I suggest you check the dictionary.

                  [color=blue]
                  > Without
                  > the profit motive, they may not have done the extra work involved in
                  > preparing the IP for distribution and doing the distribution.
                  >
                  > Personally, I release stuff under a BSD-like license, historically
                  > having included requirements that I be notified of bug fixes, and/or
                  > that I be given copies of commercial software that included my code.[/color]

                  That would make it NOT a BSD-like licence then.

                  --
                  Steven.

                  Comment

                  • Mike Meyer

                    #54
                    Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

                    Steven D'Aprano <steve@REMOVETH IScyber.com.au> writes:[color=blue]
                    > On Thu, 24 Nov 2005 16:00:29 -0500, Mike Meyer wrote:
                    > The GPL doesn't restrict distribution. I don't understand where
                    > people get this bizarre view of the GPL from.>[/color]

                    It happens because people say things like:
                    [color=blue]
                    > If you don't like that clause, you have two very simple options: don't
                    > redistribute the GPLed software. Or use some other software provided under
                    > a different licence.[/color]

                    <mike
                    --
                    Mike Meyer <mwm@mired.or g> http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/
                    Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more information.

                    Comment

                    • Steven D'Aprano

                      #55
                      Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

                      On Thu, 24 Nov 2005 23:26:38 +0100, Martin P. Hellwig wrote:
                      [color=blue]
                      > BSD/MIT style license is a
                      > good substitute of no license at all.[/color]

                      But that's not true: "no licence at all" means that nobody has the right
                      to use or copy or even *see* your work. You can, of course, choose to
                      show them your work without a licence, but unless you give them a licence
                      they can't legally do anything with it.

                      Perhaps you are thinking of the public domain, which does not require a
                      licence, but that is because it is not owned by anyone -- not even you,
                      the creator.

                      If you want to release your work with no restrictions whatsoever, then
                      just put the work in the public domain. Is attribution really that
                      important to you -- especially when that attribution may be buried deep in
                      the source code of software which nobody will ever see?


                      --
                      Steven.

                      Comment

                      • Steven D'Aprano

                        #56
                        Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

                        On Fri, 25 Nov 2005 02:34:32 +0000, Ed Jensen wrote:
                        [color=blue]
                        > Because I think a lot of well meaning software developers writing free
                        > software don't performance due diligence to determine the true
                        > motivation behind, and the chilling effect of, the GPL.[/color]

                        It took me seconds, seconds I say, to open a web browser and google for
                        "gpl" and discover www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html

                        And such chilling effects they are too! Why, if I use GPLed software, I'm
                        forced to, er, um, well actually I'm not forced to do anything if I merely
                        use GPLed software.

                        I'm not forced to pay a licence fee. I'm not forced to maintain licences
                        at great cost to myself. I'm not forced to get their permission before
                        publishing benchmarks. I'm not forced to open up the rest of my source
                        code to others. I'm not forced to redistribute the program to others. I'm
                        not forced to contribute source code back to the developers. I'm not
                        forced to allow the BSA to audit my software if they ask. I'm not even
                        forced to send the developers a post card telling them how much I love
                        their work.

                        And if I *choose* of my own free will to redistribute that GPLed work, or
                        a derivative work of such, the only restriction is that I may not take
                        away rights granted to me from those I redistribute to. I'm not even
                        forced to give the software away for free -- I am free to charge as much
                        or as little as I wish, so long as I don't charge extra for the source
                        code (excepting reasonable distribution costs of shipping extra media).

                        Such chilling effects. That explains why Linux and other GPLed software
                        has languished in obscurity over the last decade, while companies like
                        IBM, Novell and Red Hat have flocked to support the much older
                        BSD-licenced code.

                        Yes, no wonder you hate the GPL, with all those chilling effects.



                        --
                        Steven.

                        Comment

                        • Ed Jensen

                          #57
                          Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

                          Christophe <chris.cavalari a@free.fr> wrote:[color=blue]
                          > If you don't like the GPL, then by all means, *do not use GPL code !*
                          >
                          > Please, I mean, when you use without authorisation some code in your
                          > project, you are in trouble, no matter what licence the code was using.[/color]

                          I'm not sure why you felt compelled to state the obvious...

                          Comment

                          • Ed Jensen

                            #58
                            Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

                            Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx@nospam.i nvalid> wrote:[color=blue]
                            > Python and *BSD are getting far less volunteer development love than,
                            > say, GCC or Linux, and the licensing is at least part of the reason.[/color]

                            I disagree. I believe *BSD gets less volunteer development because of
                            some legal wrangling in the early 90s that didn't affect Linux.

                            I believe GCC gets more volunteer development than Python because C
                            and C++ were (and are) much more widely used.
                            [color=blue]
                            > Also, numerous GCC ports done by hardware companies (for their CPU's)
                            > have been released under the GPL that would definitely have been
                            > proprietary if it had been permitted. That is not speculation, it is
                            > known from discussions with those hardware companies at the time.[/color]

                            Even if this is true, GCC would have continued to exist. Just because
                            an entity takes some open source code and places it in a closed source
                            product, the original open source code continues to exist.

                            Frankly, I suspect those hardware companies would have relented their
                            decision once they realized it was harder to keep re-integrating their
                            code into newer GCC releases, than it was to just release the code.
                            [color=blue]
                            > G++
                            > (the original C++ front end for GCC) also would have been proprietary.[/color]

                            I'm not saying you're wrong, but since you're providing no evidence,
                            I'll remain skeptical about this claim.

                            Comment

                            • Steven D'Aprano

                              #59
                              Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

                              On Fri, 25 Nov 2005 17:17:43 +0000, Ed Jensen wrote:
                              [color=blue]
                              > Whereas including
                              > one line of GPL code into your 10,000,000,000 line project can have
                              > disasterous consequences (which I find ridiculous)[/color]

                              If you think that's disastrous, just try using one line of proprietary
                              code in your 10,000,000,000 line project without permission.

                              Or for that matter, one line of BSD code without living up to your
                              obligations under the BSD licence.

                              That's what is is really about, not the presence or absence of lines of
                              code. If you can't or won't live up to your obligations under the licence,
                              then you have no business using the code in your project.

                              And no, it isn't too obvious to mention -- all the nonsense talk about
                              the GPL being viral misses the point that *any* unauthorized code can and
                              will poison your entire project if you get caught. Anyone who thinks the
                              GPL is unique in that regard is deluding themselves.


                              --
                              Steven.

                              Comment

                              • Alex Martelli

                                #60
                                Re: wxPython Licence vs GPL

                                Steven D'Aprano <steve@REMOVETH IScyber.com.au> wrote:
                                [color=blue]
                                > On Thu, 24 Nov 2005 16:00:29 -0500, Mike Meyer wrote:
                                >[color=green]
                                > > I believe in GPL'ed software - I use it regularly. On the other hand,
                                > > I don't believe that it represents the best license to release
                                > > software if the goal is to improve the lot of humanity. The
                                > > restrictions are on "distributi on", not on use,[/color]
                                >
                                > Why would you want to restrict use?[/color]

                                I can think of many reasons. For example, if the author of some piece
                                of software strongly dislikes [category A], they may wish to restrict
                                firms or people in category A from using their software, because said
                                authors believe the use would be helpful to A's purposes and thus
                                damaging to humanity. You can easily imagine various different authors
                                for whom A could be "companies which build weapons", "companies which
                                belong to the RIAA", "abortion clinics", "schools which teach evolution
                                and not creationism" [or vice versa], "walmart", "the American Nazy
                                Party", "the American Communist Party", and so on, and so forth.

                                Licenses excluding uses by some specific category may be legal
                                (depending on jurisdiction and exact definition of category) but they're
                                definitely not open-source, by definition of the latter.


                                Alex

                                Comment

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