Syntax for extracting multiple items from a dictionary

[shark]

row = {"fname" : "Frank", "lname" : "Jones", "city" : "Hoboken", "state" :
"Alaska"}
cols = ("city", "state")

Is there a best-practices way to ask for an object containing only the keys
named in cols out of row? In other words, to get this:
{"city" : "Hoboken", "state" : "Alaska"}

Thanks,

shark

[Leif K-Brooks]

Re: Syntax for extracting multiple items from a dictionary

shark wrote:[color=blue]
> row = {"fname" : "Frank", "lname" : "Jones", "city" : "Hoboken", "state" :
> "Alaska"}
> cols = ("city", "state")
>
> Is there a best-practices way to ask for an object containing only the keys
> named in cols out of row? In other words, to get this:
> {"city" : "Hoboken", "state" : "Alaska"}[/color]

Why would you need to do that? There's nothing you can do to the second
dictionary that you can't do to the first, so what's wrong with leaving
the extra items in place?

[Roy Smith]

Re: Syntax for extracting multiple items from a dictionary

In article <TuednaLvv_626T HcRVn-hA@rcn.net>, "shark" <no@spam.none >
wrote:
[color=blue]
> row = {"fname" : "Frank", "lname" : "Jones", "city" : "Hoboken", "state" :
> "Alaska"}
> cols = ("city", "state")
>
> Is there a best-practices way to ask for an object containing only the keys
> named in cols out of row? In other words, to get this:
> {"city" : "Hoboken", "state" : "Alaska"}
>
> Thanks,
>
> shark[/color]

Just out of curiosity, why would you want to do that? Are you trying to
save on memory to store a lot of these things? If so, I suspect you'd
do even better (a few bytes per object) to store tuples of just the
values, i.e. ("Hoboken", "Alaska"), and unpack them as you need them.

But, to answer your question, I don't know of any standard way to do
what you want. It's easy enough to write (a production version would
probably want to catch KeyError's inside the for loop):

def getDictionarySl ice (row, cols):
slice = {}
for key in cols:
slice[key] = row[key]
return slice

This won't work, but it would be kind of cool if it did:

def getOmnicientDic tionarySlice (row, cols):
for key not in cols:
del row[key]

Hmmm. Maybe there's an April Fools PEP in there somewhere :-)
Actually, you could do:

def deleteUnwantedK eysInPlace (row, cols):
for key in row.keys():
if key not in cols:
del row[key]

[Stefan Behnel]

Re: Syntax for extracting multiple items from a dictionary



shark schrieb:[color=blue]
> row = {"fname" : "Frank", "lname" : "Jones", "city" : "Hoboken", "state" :
> "Alaska"}
> cols = ("city", "state")
>
> Is there a best-practices way to ask for an object containing only the keys
> named in cols out of row? In other words, to get this:
> {"city" : "Hoboken", "state" : "Alaska"}[/color]

Untested:

dict( (key,value) for (key,value) in row.iteritems() if key in cols )

Works in Py2.4

Stefan

[anton muhin]

Re: Syntax for extracting multiple items from a dictionary

Stefan Behnel wrote:[color=blue]
>
>
> shark schrieb:
>[color=green]
>> row = {"fname" : "Frank", "lname" : "Jones", "city" : "Hoboken",
>> "state" :
>> "Alaska"}
>> cols = ("city", "state")
>>
>> Is there a best-practices way to ask for an object containing only the
>> keys
>> named in cols out of row? In other words, to get this:
>> {"city" : "Hoboken", "state" : "Alaska"}[/color]
>
>
> Untested:
>
> dict( (key,value) for (key,value) in row.iteritems() if key in cols )
>
> Works in Py2.4
>
> Stefan[/color]

Or dict((key, row[key]) for key in cols).

regards,
anton.

[Bengt Richter]

Re: Syntax for extracting multiple items from a dictionary

On Tue, 30 Nov 2004 15:20:19 +0100, Stefan Behnel <behnel_ml@gkec .informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> wrote:
[color=blue]
>
>
>shark schrieb:[color=green]
>> row = {"fname" : "Frank", "lname" : "Jones", "city" : "Hoboken", "state" :
>> "Alaska"}
>> cols = ("city", "state")
>>
>> Is there a best-practices way to ask for an object containing only the keys
>> named in cols out of row? In other words, to get this:
>> {"city" : "Hoboken", "state" : "Alaska"}[/color]
>
>Untested:
>
>dict( (key,value) for (key,value) in row.iteritems() if key in cols )[/color]

If there's an overall why for doing it at all, why not just iterate through
keys of interest? I.e., (untested)

dict( (key, row[key]) for key in cols )
[color=blue]
>
>Works in Py2.4
>
>Stefan[/color]

Regards,
Bengt Richter

[Bengt Richter]

Re: Syntax for extracting multiple items from a dictionary

On Tue, 30 Nov 2004 21:54:46 GMT, bokr@oz.net (Bengt Richter) wrote:
[...][color=blue]
>
>If there's an overall why for doing it at all, why not just iterate through
>keys of interest? I.e., (untested)
>
> dict( (key, row[key]) for key in cols )
>[/color]
Sorry Anton, I didn't see your post. Newsfeed delays seem
to make this kind of duplication fairly likely ;-/

Regards,
Bengt Richter

[Dave Merrill]

Re: Syntax for extracting multiple items from a dictionary

"anton muhin" wrote:[color=blue]
> Stefan Behnel wrote:[color=green]
> >
> >
> > shark schrieb:
> >[color=darkred]
> >> row = {"fname" : "Frank", "lname" : "Jones", "city" : "Hoboken",
> >> "state" :
> >> "Alaska"}
> >> cols = ("city", "state")
> >>
> >> Is there a best-practices way to ask for an object containing only the
> >> keys
> >> named in cols out of row? In other words, to get this:
> >> {"city" : "Hoboken", "state" : "Alaska"}[/color]
> >
> >
> > Untested:
> >
> > dict( (key,value) for (key,value) in row.iteritems() if key in cols )
> >
> > Works in Py2.4
> >
> > Stefan[/color]
>
> Or dict((key, row[key]) for key in cols).
>
> regards,
> anton.[/color]

I'm on Py 2.3.3, and neither of these appear to work. Can someone confirm? I
can't see anything in the 2.4 release notes that point to where this would
have changed.

Thanks,

shark

[Simon Brunning]

Re: Syntax for extracting multiple items from a dictionary

On Wed, 1 Dec 2004 10:23:28 -0500, Dave Merrill <dmerrillq@usaq .netq> wrote:[color=blue]
> "anton muhin" wrote:[color=green]
> > Or dict((key, row[key]) for key in cols).[/color]
>
> I'm on Py 2.3.3, and neither of these appear to work. Can someone confirm? I
> can't see anything in the 2.4 release notes that point to where this would
> have changed.[/color]

They use generator expressions, which were introduced by Python 2.4.
See <http://www.python.org/dev/doc/devel/whatsnew/node4.html>.

--
Cheers,
Simon B,
simon@brunningo nline.net,

http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/

[Jean Brouwers]

Re: Syntax for extracting multiple items from a dictionary


The correct syntax is:

dict([(key, row[key]) for key in cols])

i.e. the list must be enclosed in [...].

/Jean Brouwers



In article <7OednTjJLOltfD DcRVn-og@rcn.net>, Dave Merrill
<dmerrillq@usaq .netq> wrote:
[color=blue]
> "anton muhin" wrote:[color=green]
> > Stefan Behnel wrote:[color=darkred]
> > >
> > >
> > > shark schrieb:
> > >
> > >> row = {"fname" : "Frank", "lname" : "Jones", "city" : "Hoboken",
> > >> "state" :
> > >> "Alaska"}
> > >> cols = ("city", "state")
> > >>
> > >> Is there a best-practices way to ask for an object containing only the
> > >> keys
> > >> named in cols out of row? In other words, to get this:
> > >> {"city" : "Hoboken", "state" : "Alaska"}
> > >
> > >
> > > Untested:
> > >
> > > dict( (key,value) for (key,value) in row.iteritems() if key in cols )
> > >
> > > Works in Py2.4
> > >
> > > Stefan[/color]
> >
> > Or dict((key, row[key]) for key in cols).
> >
> > regards,
> > anton.[/color]
>
> I'm on Py 2.3.3, and neither of these appear to work. Can someone confirm? I
> can't see anything in the 2.4 release notes that point to where this would
> have changed.
>
> Thanks,
>
> shark
>
>[/color]

[Peter Hansen]

Re: Syntax for extracting multiple items from a dictionary

Dave Merrill wrote:[color=blue]
> "anton muhin" wrote:[color=green]
>>Or dict((key, row[key]) for key in cols).[/color]
>
> I'm on Py 2.3.3, and neither of these appear to work.[/color]

You're probably getting the error shown. Try the change in
the line following it instead.

Python 2.3.4 (#53, May 25 2004, 21:17:02) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)][color=blue][color=green][color=darkred]
>>> row = {'fname': 'Frank', 'lname': 'Jones', 'city': 'Hoboken',[/color][/color][/color]
'state': 'Alaska'}[color=blue][color=green][color=darkred]
>>> cols = ['city', 'state']
>>> dict((key, row[key]) for key in cols)[/color][/color][/color]
File "<stdin>", line 1
dict((key, row[key]) for key in cols)
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax[color=blue][color=green][color=darkred]
>>> dict([(key, row[key]) for key in cols])[/color][/color][/color]
{'city': 'Hoboken', 'state': 'Alaska'}

[color=blue]
> I can't see anything in the 2.4 release notes that point to where this would
> have changed.[/color]

See http://www.python.org/2.4/highlights.html and search for
"generator expressions".

-Peter