malloc->free->damage: after normal block

[Anuradha]

Below is the code which was written VC++ 6.0 under windows environment.

Executing the same throws:
------------------
Debug Error!
Program: ccheck.exe
DAMAGE: after normal block (#41) at 0x00300160

(Press Retry to debug the application)
------------------


While the free () statement is commented the program does not report the error.

Please do let me know your views ...

Thanks in advance.

# include <string.h>
# include <stdio.h>
# include <stdlib.h>
# include <errno.h>

# define _DEBUG_ 1

void SetProgramName (char *);
char * GetProgramName ();
void PrintUsage ();
void PrintErrMsg (size_t);
void ClearMemory ();

char *ProgramName = NULL;

extern errno;

int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
SetProgramName (argv[0]);

if (argc < 2)
{
PrintUsage ();
ClearMemory ();
}

return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

void
SetProgramName (char *PrgName)
{

ProgramName = (char *) malloc (strlen (PrgName));

if (ProgramName == NULL)
{
PrintErrMsg (errno);
}
else
{
(void) strcpy (ProgramName, PrgName);

#if defined (_DEBUG_)
(void) fprintf (stderr, "\n Debug: ProgramName %s \n", ProgramName);
#endif

}
}

char *
GetProgramName ()
{
return (ProgramName == NULL ? NULL : ProgramName);
}

void
ClearMemory ()
{
if (strlen (ProgramName) > 0)
{
free (ProgramName);
#if 0
ProgramName = NULL;
#endif
PrintErrMsg (errno);
}
}


void
PrintErrMsg (size_t ErrNumber)
{
(void) fprintf ( stderr, \
"\n Err Number [%ld] \n Err Msg [%s] \n", \
ErrNumber, strerror (ErrNumber)
);
}

void
PrintUsage ()
{
(void) fprintf (stderr, "\n %s <> <>", GetProgramName( ));
}


---

Thanks,
Anu

[boa]

Re: malloc-&gt;free-&gt;damage: after normal block

Anuradha wrote:
[color=blue]
> Below is the code which was written VC++ 6.0 under windows environment.
>
> Executing the same throws:
> ------------------
> Debug Error!
> Program: ccheck.exe
> DAMAGE: after normal block (#41) at 0x00300160
>
> (Press Retry to debug the application)
> ------------------
>
>
> While the free () statement is commented the program does not report the error.
>
> Please do let me know your views ...[/color]
[snip]
[color=blue]
> void
> SetProgramName (char *PrgName)
> {
>
> ProgramName = (char *) malloc (strlen (PrgName));[/color]
ProgramName = malloc(strlen(P rgName) + 1);


boa

[snip]

[Gordon Burditt]

Re: malloc-&gt;free-&gt;damage: after normal block

> ProgramName = (char *) malloc (strlen (PrgName));

You are not allocating enough memory here.
[color=blue]
>
> if (ProgramName == NULL)
> {
> PrintErrMsg (errno);
> }
> else
> {
> (void) strcpy (ProgramName, PrgName);[/color]

And here you run over memory beyond what you allocated.

Gordon L. Burditt

[Christian Kandeler]

Re: malloc-&gt;free-&gt;damage: after normal block

Anuradha wrote:
[color=blue]
> # include <string.h>
> # include <stdio.h>
> # include <stdlib.h>
> # include <errno.h>
>
> # define _DEBUG_ 1
>
> void SetProgramName (char *);
> char * GetProgramName ();
> void PrintUsage ();[/color]

Better:
char * GetProgramName (void);
void PrintUsage (void);
[color=blue]
> void PrintErrMsg (size_t);
> void ClearMemory ();[/color]

Same here.
[color=blue]
> char *ProgramName = NULL;
>
> extern errno;[/color]

It would be a good idea to tell your program about the type of errno.
[color=blue]
> int
> main (int argc, char *argv[])
> {
> SetProgramName (argv[0]);
>
> if (argc < 2)
> {
> PrintUsage ();
> ClearMemory ();
> }
>
> return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
> }
>
> void
> SetProgramName (char *PrgName)
> {
>
> ProgramName = (char *) malloc (strlen (PrgName));[/color]

You need
ProgramName = malloc (strlen (PrgName) + 1);
because the '\0' character is not counted by strlen().
[color=blue]
>
> if (ProgramName == NULL)
> {
> PrintErrMsg (errno);[/color]

This is kind of silly, since errno is a global variable anyway.
[color=blue]
> }
> else
> {
> (void) strcpy (ProgramName, PrgName);
>
> #if defined (_DEBUG_)
> (void) fprintf (stderr, "\n Debug: ProgramName %s \n", ProgramName);
> #endif
>
> }
> }
>
> char *
> GetProgramName ()
> {
> return (ProgramName == NULL ? NULL : ProgramName);[/color]

This is equivalent to
return ProgramName;
[color=blue]
> }
>
> void
> ClearMemory ()
> {
> if (strlen (ProgramName) > 0)[/color]

This is not the way to test whether the string allocation was successful.
You want
if (ProgramName != NULL)
[color=blue]
> {
> free (ProgramName);
> #if 0
> ProgramName = NULL;
> #endif
> PrintErrMsg (errno);
> }
> }[/color]

By the way: You don't need to copy argv[0] at all, since it exists until the
end of the program.


Christian

[Flash Gordon]

Re: malloc-&gt;free-&gt;damage: after normal block

On Thu, 26 Aug 2004 08:53:01 +0200
Christian Kandeler <christian.kand eler@hob.de> wrote:
[color=blue]
> Anuradha wrote:
>[color=green]
> > # include <string.h>
> > # include <stdio.h>
> > # include <stdlib.h>
> > # include <errno.h>[/color][/color]

<snip>
[color=blue][color=green]
> > extern errno;[/color]
>
> It would be a good idea to tell your program about the type of errno.[/color]

No it isn't, it's better to delete the "extern errno;" entirely. errno
is declared appropriately by errno.h

<snip>
[color=blue][color=green]
> > if (ProgramName == NULL)
> > {
> > PrintErrMsg (errno);[/color]
>
> This is kind of silly, since errno is a global variable anyway.[/color]

It is silly.

However, errno might not be a global variable, it could be a macro that
expands to a modifiable lvalue :-)
--
Flash Gordon
Pedantic to the last, except I sometimes get it wrong.
Sometimes I think shooting would be far too good for some people.
Although my email address says spam, it is real and I read it.

[Gordon Burditt]

Re: malloc-&gt;free-&gt;damage: after normal block

>>[color=blue][color=green]
>> if (ProgramName == NULL)
>> {
>> PrintErrMsg (errno);[/color]
>
>This is kind of silly, since errno is a global variable anyway.[/color]

No, it's *NOT* silly. It's perfectly possible and reasonable to
pass something else (for example, a saved version of errno from
before you tried opening the log file to put the error message in).
Being forced to save and restore errno is a pain, and so many things
MIGHT mess it up (such as opening log files, and even printf()),
it's often necessary. With a function taking an argument, you're
still sometimes stuck with saving errno, but usually not with
restoring it.

It's not that unusual to have a function return an error code or 0
to indicate success. I see that a lot inside kernels. There, you
want to deal with what the kernel returned, not errno.

Why does strerror() take an argument rather than use errno? Same
issue.

Gordon L. Burditt

[Thomas Rogg]

Re: malloc-&gt;free-&gt;damage: after normal block

Anuradha wrote:
[color=blue]
> return (ProgramName == NULL ? NULL : ProgramName);[/color]
return ProgramName;

Not an error, though... See the other replys for that.

-- Thomas