Double pointer and 2D array

[ur8x@ur8x.com]

I have a double pointer and a 2D array:

int mat[5][5], **ptr;
ptr = mat;

mat[2][3] = 3;

Although mat and ptr are pointing at the same address,
&ptr[2][3] and &mat[2][3] are not, why?

I know ptr[2][3] dereferences the resulting object two
full time which will have the address of whatever content
that is at [2][3] rather than the address TO [2][3] but I
can't figure out why?

Thank you.

[Richard Pennington]

Re: Double pointer and 2D array

ur8x@ur8x.com wrote:
[color=blue]
> I have a double pointer and a 2D array:
>
> int mat[5][5], **ptr;
> ptr = mat;
>
> mat[2][3] = 3;
>
> Although mat and ptr are pointing at the same address,
> &ptr[2][3] and &mat[2][3] are not, why?
>
> I know ptr[2][3] dereferences the resulting object two
> full time which will have the address of whatever content
> that is at [2][3] rather than the address TO [2][3] but I
> can't figure out why?
>
> Thank you.[/color]

Hi,

You need to declare ptr as "a pointer to an array of 5 integers":

int (*ptr)[5];

You should have gotten a warning from the compiler about your
ptr = mat;
statement. Warnings are our friend!

The compiler needs to know, for a multi-demensional array, how
to index into it. The 5 in the pointer declaration above is the
size of the last array in mot.

If mot had 3 dimensions, e.g.:

int mot[3][4][5];

Then ptr would have to look like:

int (*ptr)[4][5];

It turns out that the compiler doesn't need the first dimension
to index into an array.

-Rich

--
Richard Pennington
Email: rich@pennware.c om
http://www.pennware.com ftp://ftp.pennware.com

[Joe Wright]

Re: Double pointer and 2D array

ur8x@ur8x.com wrote:[color=blue]
> I have a double pointer and a 2D array:
>
> int mat[5][5], **ptr;
> ptr = mat;
>
> mat[2][3] = 3;
>
> Although mat and ptr are pointing at the same address,
> &ptr[2][3] and &mat[2][3] are not, why?
>
> I know ptr[2][3] dereferences the resulting object two
> full time which will have the address of whatever content
> that is at [2][3] rather than the address TO [2][3] but I
> can't figure out why?
>
> Thank you.[/color]

First, 'int mat[5][5]' is simply 25 ints. A pointer to it would be
'int (*ptr)[5] = mat;'. Now ptr[0][0] is the first of them and
ptr[4][4] is the last of them.

--
Joe Wright mailto:joewwrig ht@comcast.net
"Everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler."
--- Albert Einstein ---

[ur8x@ur8x.com]

Re: Double pointer and 2D array

Joe Wright <joewwright@com cast.net> wrote:[color=blue]
> First, 'int mat[5][5]' is simply 25 ints. A pointer to it would be
> 'int (*ptr)[5] = mat;'. Now ptr[0][0] is the first of them and
> ptr[4][4] is the last of them.[/color]

Ok, my question is, assuming my first post, that is ptr = mat, why
ptr[0][0] holds an address (I know it does not get the intended
answer, I want to know why).

P.S. Is there a difference between `int * ptr[5]' and `int (*ptr)[5]'?

[Richard Pennington]

Re: Double pointer and 2D array

ur8x@ur8x.com wrote:
[color=blue]
> Joe Wright <joewwright@com cast.net> wrote:
>[color=green]
>>First, 'int mat[5][5]' is simply 25 ints. A pointer to it would be
>>'int (*ptr)[5] = mat;'. Now ptr[0][0] is the first of them and
>>ptr[4][4] is the last of them.[/color]
>
>
> Ok, my question is, assuming my first post, that is ptr = mat, why
> ptr[0][0] holds an address (I know it does not get the intended
> answer, I want to know why).
>
> P.S. Is there a difference between `int * ptr[5]' and `int (*ptr)[5]'?
>[/color]

int **ptr;

"ptr is a pointer to a pointer to int."

In the following, the offsets are in bytes (no pointer arithmetic)
and sizeof(int) is assumed to be 4.

ptr[0][0] generates code like *((*p + (0 * 4)) + (0 * 4))
ptr[1][1] generates code like *((*p + (1 * 4)) + (1 * 4))

int (*ptr)[5];

"ptr is a pointer to an array of 5 int."

ptr[0][0] generates code like *((*p + (0 * 4)) + (0 * 4 * 5))
ptr[1][1] generates code like *((*p + (1 * 4)) + (1 * 4 * 5))

Where the 5 above is the number of array elements in the second
dimension.

Quite different addresses!

int *ptr[5];

"ptr is an array of 5 pointers to int."

Note that the precedence of [] is higher than *.

-Rich



--
Richard Pennington
Email: rich@pennware.c om
http://www.pennware.com ftp://ftp.pennware.com

[ur8x@ur8x.com]

Re: Double pointer and 2D array

Richard Pennington <rich@pennware. com> wrote:[color=blue]
> int **ptr;[/color]
[color=blue]
> "ptr is a pointer to a pointer to int."[/color]
[color=blue]
> In the following, the offsets are in bytes (no pointer arithmetic)
> and sizeof(int) is assumed to be 4.[/color]
[color=blue]
> ptr[0][0] generates code like *((*p + (0 * 4)) + (0 * 4))
> ptr[1][1] generates code like *((*p + (1 * 4)) + (1 * 4))[/color]
[color=blue]
> int (*ptr)[5];[/color]
[color=blue]
> "ptr is a pointer to an array of 5 int."[/color]
[color=blue]
> ptr[0][0] generates code like *((*p + (0 * 4)) + (0 * 4 * 5))
> ptr[1][1] generates code like *((*p + (1 * 4)) + (1 * 4 * 5))[/color]
[color=blue]
> Where the 5 above is the number of array elements in the second
> dimension.[/color]
[color=blue]
> Quite different addresses![/color]
[color=blue]
> int *ptr[5];[/color]
[color=blue]
> "ptr is an array of 5 pointers to int."[/color]
[color=blue]
> Note that the precedence of [] is higher than *.[/color]

Excellent, now it makes sense. A double pointer just simply
does not skip the width (or the column) of the array since
it's, well a double pointer, not a pointer to the array of
such dimension.

Thank you for your help.