A small regex question

[Online]

Hello,

This code:

<?php
preg_replace_ca llback("/(a)|(b)/",
create_function ('$x',
'foreach ($x as $y => $z)'.
'echo "\\\$y: $z<br>";'),
"b");
?>

Outputs:

\0: b
\1:
\2: b

I expect 'b' to be placed in \1, but for some reason \1 contains a
null value and 'b' is moved to \2. Can someone please explain why it
happens?

Thank you

[Andy Hassall]

Re: A small regex question

On 29 Oct 2003 16:00:25 -0800, online131@hotma il.com (Online) wrote:
[color=blue]
>This code:
>
> <?php
> preg_replace_ca llback("/(a)|(b)/",
> create_function ('$x',
> 'foreach ($x as $y => $z)'.
> 'echo "\\\$y: $z<br>";'),
> "b");
> ?>
>
>Outputs:
>
> \0: b
> \1:
> \2: b
>
>I expect 'b' to be placed in \1, but for some reason \1 contains a
>null value and 'b' is moved to \2. Can someone please explain why it
>happens?[/color]

You have two capturing subexpressions; 'b' is in the second one.

Did you mean (a|b) instead?

--
Andy Hassall (andy@andyh.co. uk) icq(5747695) (http://www.andyh.co.uk)
Space: disk usage analysis tool (http://www.andyhsoftware.co.uk/space)

[Online]

Re: A small regex question

> You have two capturing subexpressions; 'b' is in the second one.[color=blue]
>
> Did you mean (a|b) instead?[/color]

Yea, I have two capturing brackets, but the pattern is separated by |
into two parts - (a) and (b).

Afaik when (a) fails to match, the regex engine should completely
ignore the rest of the current part and move on to (b) and try to
match it against the text. And if (b) matched, the letter 'b' should
be placed inside \1.

The problem here is that \1 gets a null value while 'b' is pushed to
\2, and I don't understand why it acts this way. On mIRC, that
includes an implementation of PCRE, the letter 'b' is placed in \1 (as
I expect), though on PHP it's moved to \2.

I am aware there are other ways of doing this simple match, like
"(a|b)" or "([ab])", but this problem occured to me with a more
complicated pattern and I think "(a)|(b)" is the simplest form of
presenting it.

[John Dunlop]

Re: A small regex question

Online wrote:
[color=blue]
> Yea, I have two capturing brackets, but the pattern is separated by |
> into two parts - (a) and (b).
>
> Afaik when (a) fails to match, the regex engine should completely
> ignore the rest of the current part and move on to (b) and try to
> match it against the text. And if (b) matched, the letter 'b' should
> be placed inside \1.[/color]

No. With a pattern like "(a)|(b)" matching against a string like "b",
$0 contains the entire pattern match; $1 contains the text matched by
the first capturing subpattern (nothing); and $2 contains the text
matched by the second capturing subpattern ("b").

The description of preg_replace's replacement parameter might be
helpful in understanding what's really happening:

| Replacement may contain references of the form \\n or (since PHP
| 4.0.4) $n, with the latter form being the preferred one. Every such
| reference will be replaced by the text captured by the n'th
| parenthesized pattern. n can be from 0 to 99, and \\0 or $0 refers
| to the text matched by the whole pattern. Opening parentheses are
| counted from left to right (starting from 1) to obtain the number
| of the capturing subpattern.

http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.preg-replace.php

[color=blue]
> I am aware there are other ways of doing this simple match, like
> "(a|b)" or "([ab])", but this problem occured to me with a more
> complicated pattern and I think "(a)|(b)" is the simplest form of
> presenting it.[/color]

Those are different to your first pattern. Which do you really want?

--
Jock